Aproximaciones a estudios sobre la Burla desde la Perspectiva del Desarrollo
Mockery Studies from a Development Perspective
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El propósito de este artículo es presentar un balance bibliográfico de estudios que abordan la emergencia de la burla en niños preescolares y escolares a partir de un inventario de artículos de investigación y artículos teóricos que analizan esta problemática. Fichas de reseñas empíricas y de reseñas teóricas son la unidad de trabajo que permite identificar las plataformas conceptuales, metodológicas e instrumentales que subyacen a cada trabajo. La discusión presenta las perspectivas de los estudios a partir de las modalidades de análisis: centradas en el sujeto, investigaciones que describen el desempeño de los niños y las niñas a partir de sus habilidades cognitivas y sociales para comprender la burla. Relacionales, estudios que revelan el vínculo burlón-burlado a partir de la interpretación de las intenciones humorísticas. Socioculturales, trabajos que se centran en el reconocimiento de agentes y contenidos humorísticos de comunidades específicas. Finalmente, el artículo propone una reflexión acerca de las acciones humorísticas que abren el entramado de significados de la experiencia inquietante del encuentro con el otro en la relación dialógica burlón-burlado en el ciclo cultura-individuo-cultura.
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