Necessidade de pertencimento, socialização normativa dos homens mexicanos e machismo como raiz dos problemas do casal, papel do uso de álcool e violência entre parceiros íntimos
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Conteúdo do artigo principal
O objectivo desta investigação é compreender e descrever a etiologia e os mecanismos que mantêm a associação entre o consumo de álcool e a violência perpetrada por homens mexicanos contra as suas parceiras. Foi realizado um estudo exploratório qualitativo, recorrendo a grupos focais, com a participação de 14 homens recrutados por meio de uma campanha de marketing nas redes sociais, todos com antecedentes de violência nas relações de intimidade e consumo de álcool (avaliado através do AUDIT e de um questionário semiestruturado). A análise dos dados foi feita manualmente, com base na teoria fundamentada, e foi submetida a três tipos de triangulação. Conforme os resultados, a etiologia da associação entre o consumo de álcool e a violência entre parceiros íntimos é a incorreta satisfação da necessidade de vinculação (apelo), imposta pela socialização normativa do ser homem, culturalmente conhecida como machismo; uma associação mane é mantida principalmente pela desregulação emocional, pela falta de competências de coabitação nos casais e pela má gestão das finanças familiares. Os resultados trazem à colação um dado conhecido, mas pouco considerado: tanto o consumo de álcool como o exercício da violência são fortemente influenciados pela cultura, o que torna necessário investigar o fenômeno, enfatizando as particularidades da população em estudo. Estes resultados podem ser considerados um indicador dos componentes necessários para desenvolver uma intervenção que aborde ambas as variáveis na população Mexicana
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