Dificuldades na Regulação Emocional de pacientes com Transtorno de Personalidade Fronteira tratados em centro de dialética do comportamento em Medellín, Colômbia
Conteúdo do artigo principal
A desregulação emocional pode se expressar de forma diferente no transtorno de personalidade limítrofe (TPB), possivelmente devido à influência do contexto cultural. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar as dificuldades de regulação emocional em pacientes com DBP que consultam um centro especializado em Terapia Comportamental Dialética (DBT) em Medellín, Colômbia. Estudo transversal descritivo realizado com 54 pacientes, principalmente mulheres jovens, solteiras e de alto nível socioeconômico, internadas em tratamento e avaliadas pela “Escala de Dificuldades de Regulação Emocional” (DERS). A mediana (M) e o intervalo interquartil (IQR) e o valor de p foram calculados com o U Mann-Whitney com seus respectivos tamanhos de efeito (valor r). A pontuação total no DERS foi alta (M = 134; IQR = 117-142). Foram encontradas diferenças entre homens e mulheres, com tamanho de efeito intermediário para o escore total (Feminino = 135,5 versus Masculino = 119; p = 0,047; r = -0,26). Não foram encontradas diferenças entre os grupos de idade. Ao analisar por comorbidades, constatou-se que as dificuldades de regulação emocional foram diferentes nos pacientes que também apresentavam TDAH, ansiedade, depressão e ansiedade combinadas e transtorno bipolar. Isso pode indicar que em pacientes com DBT de uma cidade da Colômbia com DBT, as dificuldades de regulação emocional são altas e parecem ser maiores nas mulheres. A presença de ansiedade, depressão, TDAH e transtorno bipolar podem influenciar na intensidade da desregulação emocional e nas facetas em que ela se manifesta, o que sugere alta variabilidade dentro do diagnóstico.
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