Representações sociais da violência de género nas relações íntimas de mulheres que sofreram abusos e das que não sofreram
Conteúdo do artigo principal
Este estudo analisa as representações sociais das relações românticas e sua ligação com crenças sexistas, fatores de risco para a violência de gênero e atitudes em relação à violência em dois grupos de mulheres napolitanas: estudantes universitárias e mulheres vítimas de violência de parceiro. Baseado na Teoria das Representações Sociais de Moscovici (1961), foi adotada uma abordagem estrutural e multi-método para examinar a estrutura representacional e sua relação com crenças socioculturais sexistas. A metodologia incluiu um desenho misto com um escopo exploratório. Foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado que integrou técnicas qualitativas como a evocação hierarquizada, além de instrumentos psicométricos para avaliar sexismo, crenças sobre desigualdade e violência. Participaram 47 mulheres da Campânia, Itália, divididas entre vítimas de violência usuárias de um centro de apoio e estudantes universitárias. Os dados foram processados com o software IRaMuTeQ, utilizando análise de similaridade e análise categorial-frequencial, juntamente com uma análise de correlação das variáveis medidas com o software SPSS. Os resultados destacam que o respeito é o núcleo central da representação social para as vítimas, relacionado ao amor próprio, união e afeto. Em contraste, as estudantes associaram a relação romântica com igualdade e confiança. As escalas psicométricas revelaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos em crenças sexistas e atitudes em relação à violência. Este trabalho contribui para a compreensão das dinâmicas socioculturais subjacentes nas relações românticas e sua relação com a violência de gênero.
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