Escala de Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas: adaptação ao ambiente educacional em uma amostra de adolescentes argentinos.
Conteúdo do artigo principal
A Teoria da Autodeterminação se refere a três necessidades psicológicas básicas, presentes no curso da vida de um indivíduo: autonomia, competência e relacionamento. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da adaptação ao contexto educacional da Escala de Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas de Deci e Ryan (2000) na população adolescente argentina. A adaptação é relevante porque, até o momento, não existe na Argentina uma versão da escala que permita avaliar essas necessidades em alunos do ensino médio. Para mensurar a validade de construto da nova versão, foi realizada uma Análise Fatorial Confirmatória avaliando a presença das dimensões propostas pelos autores originais. Foi utilizado o método de máxima verossimilhança, levando em consideração o valor do qui quadrado, chi/gl, os índices CFI, GFI, AGFI, RMR e RMSEA. Para estudar a validade convergente, foi realizada uma análise de correlação com a Utrecht-Work Commitment Scale em sua versão para alunos e com o desempenho acadêmico dos alunos. Para avaliar a consistência interna do instrumento, foi utilizado o coeficiente Omega. A amostra foi composta por 313 alunos do ensino médio, com idades entre 12 e 16 anos (M = 13,46; DP = 1,05). Os resultados do presente estudo fornecem evidências empíricas que suportam bons níveis de validade e confiabilidade da Escala de Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas no contexto educacional e na população adolescente. Assim, as propriedades psicométricas da versão adaptada do instrumento são aceitáveis.
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