The Zen Personality

La Personalidad Zen A Mixed Quantitative-Qualitative Study with Buddhist practitioners from Catalonia

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Victor E. C. Ortuño
Jaume Vallverdú
Daniel Millet
Belén Nuñez
Macarena Roth Kelland
Tatiana Maciel Suárez
Joáo Vega
Abstract

In the field of psychology and health sciences, there is a growing interest in recent decades in Buddhist practice and its positive impact on mental health. In this article, we will study the relationship between practice, community, and Buddhist beliefs on one hand, and personality and subjective temporality on the other. To do this, we conducted research with practitioners belonging to a Zen group in Barcelona. We used a mixed quantitative-qualitative design, including psychometric scales (Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire/Short-Form and Dark Future Scale) and semi-structured interviews. The quantitative sample consisted of 25 practitioners, who were compared with a religious and a non-religious group. We found significantly lower scores, with a medium effect size, in the Sensation Seeking-Impulsivity trait when comparing the Zen group with the non-religious group. In the 8 qualitative interviews conducted, we identified an "ascetic" profile among the practitioners. The studied Zen Buddhists could be described as spiritual seekers who, disenchanted with Catholicism and modern materialism, find their place in Zen practice and philosophy. Practitioners expressed in the interviews the impact of meditation - followed by beliefs and community, respectively - on impulse control, emotions, anxiety, behaviors, and thoughts. Summarizing, the current study suggests certain psychological characteristics of Zen Buddhists: an ascetic profile characterized by a certain disinterest and dissatisfaction towards Western values and socialization spaces, and a potential positive effect of zazen practice over the control of impulsivity, emotions, and behaviors.

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Victor E. C. Ortuño, Facultad de Psicolo´gía, Universidad de la República

PhD in Psychology, secpecialized in Motivation and Personality. Adjunct professor at the Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de la República. He conducts research in the field of temporal perspective and personality studies. He has published various studies on psychology, personality, and psychometrics.

Jaume Vallverdú, Departament d'Antropologia, Filosofia i Treball Social, Universitat Rovira i Virgili

PhD in Social and Cultural Anthropology, agr. professor at the University Rovira i Virgili, and collaborator at the Open University of Catalonia. He conducts research in the anthropology of social and religious movements. He has conducted ethnographies on Pentecostal Protestantism (Mexico), the Landless Workers' Movement (Brazil), Hare Krishna, and Tibetan Buddhism (Spain).

   

Daniel Millet, Center of Buddhist Studies, The University of Hong Kong

PhD in Buddhist Studies, collaborator at the Center for Buddhist Studies at the University of Hong Kong, editor of the Spanish-language Buddhistdoor magazine, and co-director of the Buddhist Studies program at the Universitat Rovira i Virgili. His studies include comparative studies of Buddhism, Christianity, and psychology.

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