Personalidade nos Perturbações do Comportamento na Adolescência

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Resumo

As atitudes e comportamentos em relação à desigualdade econômica variam de sociedade para sociedade, mas o estudo transcultural da desigualdade ainda está engatinhando. Considerando isso, realizamos uma pesquisa experimental em duas sociedades, uma na Europa (Espanha, N = 332, M idade = 26,01, DP = 4,47, mulheres = 54,5%) e outra na América Latina (Costa Rica, N = 338, M idade = 22,23, DP = 3,77, mulheres = 46,4%), com o objetivo de comparar o modo como a indução de orientações individualistas e coletivistas influencia o comportamento frente à desigualdade na distribuição de recursos. Verificamos que a indução do individualismo e do coletivismo não teve efeito sobre o comportamento diante da desigualdade na Espanha, exceto por uma das distribuições no jogo do ultimato (7:3). Na Costa Rica, verificamos que o priming individualista teve um efeito sobre uma maior rejeição da desigualdade em todas as distribuições aplicadas. Contrariamente às expectativas, na amostra costarriquenha houve maior rejeição da desigualdade em relação à espanhola. Esses resultados sugerem que, ao contrário do esperado, a sociedade relativamente mais coletivista (Costa Rica) apresentou maior rejeição à desigualdade do que a sociedade mais individualista (Espanha). Além disso, esses resultados não são influenciados pelo priming individualista, uma vez que a comparação dos efeitos sem considerar a estratégia de priming mostra uma maior rejeição da desigualdade na amostra costarriquenha do que na espanhola.

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Bogotá: Corporación Universitaria Iberoamericana

Detalhes do artigo

Biografia do Autor (assistir)

Pablo Chaverri Chaves, UNED España y UNA Costa Rica

Doctorando en la Facultad de Psicología de la UNED, España. Académico en el Instituto de Estudios Interdisciplinarios de la Niñez y la Adolescencia (INEINA) de la Universidad Nacional (UNA), Costa Rica.

Itziar Fernández, UNED España

Doctora en Psicología (2001). Departamento de Psicología Social y Metodología de la Universidad del País Vasco: “Actitudes, autoconceptos, cultura y emoción: una investigación transcultural” (Beca FPI, 1996-2001). La carrera docente la inicie como Prof. Ayudante en la Universidad de Jaén en noviembre de 2001, en dicho centro desempeñe tareas académicas hasta marzo de 2002, ya que en abril me incorpore al Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones de la UNED y desde esta fecha vengo desempeñando mi trabajo en calidad de PDI, primero como Prof. Asociada, posteriormente como Prof. Contratada Doctora y desde junio de 2011 hasta la actualidad como Prof. Titular de Psicología Social.

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