Propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento para medir creencias en torno a la obesidad en una muestra mexicana.
Conteúdo do artigo principal
Objectivos. A obesidade tornou-se um problema de saúde pública no México, pelo que determinar os factores que favorecem o seu desenvolvimento e prevalência é uma atividade essencial. Neste sentido, os modelos da disciplina psicológica propõem que, ao abordar as crenças associadas a um fenómeno, é possível compreender as causas dessas crenças. Tendo em conta este contexto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo adaptar e validar a escala Beliefs About Obese People (BAOP) para a sua aplicação na população mexicana. Metodologia. Seguindo um procedimento de validação culturalmente relevante, começámos por traduzir e adaptar os itens ingleses para espanhol através de um processo de tradução-tradução. O segundo passo foi avaliar a relevância destes itens através da avaliação de juízes especialistas. Por fim, os itens foram submetidos a uma análise fatorial exploratória, a fim de determinar as propriedades psicométricas do instrumento. Resultados. A concordância inter-juízes foi avaliada usando o V de Aiken e, com base nos resultados, todos os itens foram considerados relevantes e mantidos na escala. A análise fatorial produziu uma estrutura fatorial de um fator, constituída por seis itens que representaram 64% da variância e apresentaram um índice de consistência interna adequado (ω = .880). Conclusões. A escala obtida é consistente com a proposta original na avaliação das crenças sobre a controlabilidade do peso. Esta escala tem propriedades psicométricas adequadas e é de fácil aplicação devido à sua extensão e formato de resposta.
Palavras-chave. Crenças, BAOP, Excesso de peso, Obesidade, Controlabilidade, Validação cultural.
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